@article{Jafri_Hendrix_Cuevas_Pilawski_Helms_2021, place={Houston, U.S.}, title={Examining the Morphological and Physiological Comparisons of OVX Murine Bone vs. Mini Pigs, Rats, and Humans }, volume={10}, url={https://www.jsr.org/index.php/path/article/view/1311}, DOI={10.47611/jsr.v10i3.1311}, abstractNote={<p><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">Osteons are the structure and the base foundation of the human skeletal system. This cylindrical structure&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">contains</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;blood vessels&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">and&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">nerves</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;that supply the bone matrix in hum</span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentStart BCX0 SCXW263336088">ans. To study bone remodeling and bone diseases, mini pigs and rats have&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">mainly been</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;effective models for humans. T</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">his study was conducted to examine mouse bone structures in comparison to human, mini pig, and rat bone structures. This addresses the</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;Three Rs principle</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentStart BCX0 SCXW263336088">of</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;clinical testing on animals and proves that mice should be used as models for humans instead of mini pigs and rats. Many scientists prefer not to use mice as models for studying human bone diseases because it has been suggested that their skeletal systems are morphologically and&nbsp;</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">physiologically</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;different–as seen through aging effects.&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">Because mice are easier to produce and can grow at a faster rate, they are more</span></span><span class="TextRun MacChromeBold BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">cost</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">time efficient</span></span><span class="TextRun MacChromeBold BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">to use in labs compared to rats and mini&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">pigs</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;Aniline blue,&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">P</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">loton</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">&nbsp;silver, picrosirius red stains and TRAP and ALP cellular assays were conducted to analyze bone structures to compare with humans, mini pigs, and rats.&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentStart BCX0 SCXW263336088">Our data did support the hypothesis as&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentStart BCX0 SCXW263336088">explicit similarities&nbsp;</span><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW263336088">between mice bone and other samples such as rats, mini pig, and human was deduced. This study concluded that there were little limitations present by using murine bone as samples for human when studying bone diseases.</span></span></p>}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Student Research}, author={Jafri, Shania and Hendrix, Karrington and Cuevas , Pedro and Pilawski, Igor and Helms, Jill}, year={2021}, month={Oct.} }