A Review of Pollinator Interactions and Their Role in Shaping Plant Hybrid Zones
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v13i2.2486Keywords:
Reproductive barriers, pollination, speciation, hybrid zonesAbstract
The interactions of plants and pollinators within hybrid zones is the focus of this review paper, with an emphasis placed on how such interactions promote speciation events and evolutionary change. Pollinators affect the spread of genetic material, shown using examples such as Orchis, Joshua Trees, and penstemon hybrid flowers. It has been historically challenging to create accurate hybrid zones maps, especially because their boundaries rapidly adjust due to climate change, habitat loss, and pure chance. Creating accurate maps is further complicated due to the large amounts of genetic material within the hybrid zones themselves. The importance of pollinator interactions for plant reproduction is described, discussing how reproductive barriers can impact plant speciation. Examples of coevolution between plants and pollinators is used to further explain the mutual importance they have on one another. Despite current understanding, further research on hybrid zones is still needed to explain factors that promote speciation within hybrid zones. Due to newly improved DNA sequencing and analysis technologies, scientists can create maps of hybrid zones more accurately and with less funding. Not only can these technologies expand current understanding on why speciation occurs within hybrid zones, but can also suggest strategies to conserve biodiversity.
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