To what extent have examination reforms since 1997 negatively affected the social and academic development of students of secondary age in Hong Kong?

Education Encyclopedia – StateUniversity.com (2022). ‘Hong Kong – History & Background’. Available at: Hong Kong - History Background - Chinese, Percent, Secondary, and School - StateUniversity.com (Accessed: 18 February 2022)

Official Information

HKSAR Government (No date). ‘Hong Kong Education System’. Available at: Education System - Study in Hong Kong (Accessed: 18 February 2022)

Hong Kong Examination Assessment Authority (HKEAA) (No date). ‘Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority - Recognition of HKCEE & HKALE’. Available at: Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority - Recognition of HKCEE & HKALE (hkeaa.edu.hk) (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Hong Kong Examination Assessment Authority (HKEAA) (No date). ‘Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority – Introduction of HKDSE’. Available at: Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority - Introduction (hkeaa.edu.hk) (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Hong Kong Examination Assessment Authority (HKEAA) (No date). ‘Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority – Subject Information’. Available at: Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority - Subject Information (hkeaa.edu.hk) (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Hong Kong Examination Assessment Authority (HKEAA) (No date). ‘Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority – Introduction of School-based Assessment (SBA)’. Available at: Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority - SBA - Introduction (hkeaa.edu.hk) (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Reports

Hok You Club (2013). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2013. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2013 (hyc.org.hk) (Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2014). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2014. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2014 (hyc.org.hk) (Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2015). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2015. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2015 (hyc.org.hk) (Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2018). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2018. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2018 (hyc.org.hk) (Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2019). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2019. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2019 (hyc.org.hk) (Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2020). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2020. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2020 (hyc.org.hk)(Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2021). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2021. Available at: Appendix 1 Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2021 (hyc.org.hk)(Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Hok You Club (2022). Pressure Survey of Dse Candidates 2022. Available at: 20220410_001.pdf (hyc.org.hk) (Accessed: 15 April 2022)

Academic Journal

Cheung, N. G. A. (2019). The Cake Moulding Machine? The Teaching and Learning of Visual Arts under HKDSE Examination. Ph. D. Education. The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Available at: The Cake Moulding Machine? The Teaching and Learning of Visual Arts under HKDSE Examination - ProQuest (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Szeto et al (2020). ‘School leadership in the reforms of the Hong Kong education system: insights into school-based development in policy borrowing and indigenising’. School leadership & management, 2020-08-07, Vol.40 (4), p.266-287. Available at: School leadership in the reforms of the Hong Kong education system: insights into school-based development in policy borrowing and indigenising - Durham University (Accessed: 18 February 2022)

Yung, K. W. H. (2020). ‘Using Public Exam Questions in Fishbowl Debate to Engage Exam-Oriented Students in Communicative Language Teaching’. RELC Journal, Vol. 51 (3), p.440-447. Available at: Using Public Exam Questions in Fishbowl Debate to Engage Exam-Oriented Students in Communicative Language Teaching - Kevin Wai-Ho Yung, 2020 (sagepub.com) (Accessed: 1 March 2022)

Tsang, K. K. (2020). ‘Understanding the reasons for academic stress in Hong Kong via photovoice: implications for education policies and changes’. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Vol. 41, 2021 - Issue 2, p. 356-367. Available at: Understanding the reasons for academic stress in Hong Kong via photovoice: implications for education policies and changes: Asia Pacific Journal of Education: Vol 41, No 2 (tandfonline.com) (Accessed: 1 March 2022)

Wong, Y. L. (2021). ‘The Development of Higher Education in Hong Kong: An Overview’. Community College Students in Hong Kong, 16-09-2021, Vol. 9, p.35-59. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82461-7_2 (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Ho, W. C. (2021). ‘Students’ Perceptions of Creativity Education: A Perspective from Hong Kong, China’. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Vol. 6 (6), p. 244-257. Available at: Students’ Perceptions of Creativity Education: A Perspective from Hong Kong, China by Wai-Chung Ho :: SSRN (Accessed: 1 March 2022)

Yan et al (2021). ‘Assessment for learning in the Hong Kong assessment reform: A case of policy borrowing’. Studies in Educational Evaluation, Vol. 68. Available at: Assessment for learning in the Hong Kong assessment reform: A case of policy borrowing - ScienceDirect (Accessed: 10 March 2022)

Chan et al (2021). ‘Evaluation of generic competencies among secondary school leavers from the new academic structure for senior secondary education in Hong Kong’. Public Administration and Policy: An Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. 24 (2), p. 182-194. Available at: Evaluation of generic competencies among secondary school leavers from the new academic structure for senior secondary education in Hong Kong | Emerald Insight (Accessed: 10 March 2022)

Londe et al (2022). ‘Comparing high-performing education systems: understanding Singapore, Shanghai, and Hong Kong’. Discourse, 2022-01-02, Vol.43 (1), p.158-171. Available at: Comparing high-performing education systems: understanding Singapore, Shanghai, and Hong Kong - Durham University (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Ling, H.L. and Pang, M.F. (2022). ‘A vignette-based transformative multiphase mixed methods interventional study featuring venn diagram joint displays: Financial education with Hong Kong early adolescent ethnic minority students’. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 16(1), pp.130-149. Available at: A Vignette-Based Transformative Multiphase Mixed Methods Interventional Study Featuring Venn Diagram Joint Displays: Financial Education With Hong Kong Early Adolescent Ethnic Minority Students - Hua Loon Ling, Ming Fai Pang, 2022 (sagepub.com) (Accessed: 15 June 2022)

Shek, D.T.L., Zhu, X., Li, X. et al. (2022). ‘Satisfaction with HyFlex Teaching and Law-abiding Leadership Education in Hong Kong University Students Under COVID-19’. Applied Research Quality Life. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-022-10040-4 (Accessed: 15 June 2022)

Lam, R. (2022). ‘Assessing Creative Writing Formatively and Summatively with E-Portfolios: A Case Study in Hong Kong’. In International Perspectives on Creative Writing in Second Language Education (pp. 171-188). Routledge. Available at: Assessing Creative Writing Formatively and Summatively with E-Portfoli (taylorfrancis.com) (Accessed: 15 June 2022)

Sivan, A., Cohen, A. (2022). ‘The structure of interpersonal teacher behaviour in Hong Kong secondary schools’. Learning Environ Res. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-021-09402-w (Accessed: 15 June 2022)

Ni, A. and Han, F. (2022). ‘Linking Hong Kong Secondary Students’ School Belongingness with Pre-School Characteristics, School Experience, and Out-of-Class Experience’. Journal of Educational Technology and Innovation, 2(01). Available at: Linking Hong Kong Secondary Students’ School Belongingness with Pre-School Characteristics, School Experience, and Out-of-Class Experience | Journal of Educational Technology and Innovation (thewsu.org) (Accessed: 15 June 2022)

News

Hong Kong Economic Journal (2017). ‘Nearly one in five students finds HKDSE pressure unbearable’. Available at: Nearly one in five students finds HKDSE pressure unbearable EJINSIGHT - ejinsight.com (Accessed: 18 February 2022)

Ma, J. (2019). ‘80 per cent of HKDSE students have 'high' stress levels related to the exams, survey says’. Available at: 80 per cent of HKDSE students have 'high' stress levels related to the exams, survey says - YP | South China Morning Post (scmp.com) (Accessed: 18 February 2022)

Lo, H. (2020). ‘The DSE: Hong Kong’s high-pressure exams inflict long-term harm on survivors’. Available at: The DSE: Hong Kong's high-pressure exams inflict long-term harm on survivors - Hong Kong Free Press HKFP (hongkongfp.com) (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

Katherine, F. (2021). ‘Is Hong Kong facing education crisis? Curriculum changes, “red lines” and families rushing to leave’. Available at: Is Hong Kong facing an education crisis? Curriculum changes, ‘red lines’ and families rushing to leave | South China Morning Post (scmp.com) (Accessed: 20 February 2022)

YP Readers (2021). ‘Your Voice: Hong Kong’s boring education system; lab-grown meat not just for vegans (long letters)’. Available at: Your Voice: Hong Kong’s boring education system; lab-grown meat not just for vegans (long letters) - YP | South China Morning Post (scmp.com) (Accessed: 25 February 2022)

Kerry, K. (2021). ‘Hong Kong’s future leaders need an education system fit for challenging times’. Available at: Hong Kong’s future leaders need an education system fit for challenging times | South China Morning Post (scmp.com) (Accessed: 25 February 2022)

The Standard (2021). ‘HKDSE candidates are more stressed under the pandemic’. Available at: HKDSE candidates are more stressed under the pandemic | The Standard (Accessed: 1 March 2022)

The Standard (2022). ‘Postpone DSE exam, but don't cancel it: students’. Available at: Postpone DSE exam, but don't cancel it: students | The Standard (Accessed: 20 March 2022)

The Standard (2022). ‘A third of HKDSE exam takers report very high levels of stress’. Available at: A third of HKDSE exam takers report very high levels of stress | The Standard (Accessed: 15 April 2022)