Exploring Global Health Disparities: Afro-Caribbeans’ Perceptions of the Prevalence of Type II Diabetes in Their Communities

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v9i1.1026

Keywords:

Type II diabetes, Non-communicable diseases, diabetes, type 2 diabetes, Afro-Caribbean

Abstract

Historically, many Caribbean islands did not experience the impact of non-communicable diseases until the most recent decades. Our neighbors in the Caribbean are experiencing complications and death due to chronic conditions and comorbidities that leave many communities puzzled about how to address health concerns and chronic conditions like diabetes. Little research has been conducted on the realities of type II diabetes in the Caribbean region. Qualitative interviews were conducted with six West Indians from four predominantly Afro-Caribbean islands, who witness the daily experiences of how type II diabetes impacts their health, their families, and their communities. The data provides key insight to understand how individuals and families are affected make sense of Type II diabetes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References or Bibliography

Ali, M.K., Jaacks, L.M., Kowalski, A.J., Siegel, K.R., & Ezzati, M. (2015). Noncommunicable diseases: Three decades of global data show a mixture of increases and decreases in mortality rates. Health Affairs, 34(9), 1444-1455. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0570

Barcelo, A., Aedo, C., Rajpathak, S. & Robles, S. (2003). The cost of diabetes in Latin America and the Carib-bean. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 81, 19-27. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2572319/

Barclay, G. (2006). Health workforce migration and the Caribbean region. Retrieved from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Activity%20Files/Global/USandGlobalHealth/02Barclay.pdf

Beaglehole, D., & Yach, D. (2003). Globalisation and the prevention and control of non-communicable dis-eases: The neglected chronic diseases of adults. The Lancet, 362(9387), 903-908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14335-8

Bloom, D.E., Cafiero, E.T., Jané-Llopis, E., Abrahams-Gessel, S., Bloom, L.R., Fathima, S. …Weinstein, C. (2011). The global economic burden of non-communicable diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum [PDF file]. Retrieved from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Harvard_HE_GlobalEconomicBurdenNonCommunicableDiseases_2011.pdf

Boyne, M.S. (2010). Diabetes in the Caribbean: Trouble in paradise. Insulin, 4(2), 94-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1557-0843(09)80018-3

Bryan, G.C., Johnson, J.A., Dawes, L., & Samuel, C. (2012). An assessment of the risk factors for type 2 diabe-tes among women in rural Jamaica. West Indian Medical Journal, 61(8), 808-812.

Brown, K., Avis, M. & Hubbard, M. (2007). Health beliefs of African-Caribbean people with type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study. The British journal of general practice: the journal of the Royal College of General Prac-titioners, 57(539), 461-469. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2078187/pdf/bjpg57-461.pdf

Butler, C., Tull, E.S., Chamber, E.C., & Jerome, T. (2002). Internalized racism, body fat distribution, and ab-normal fasting glucose among African Caribbean women in Dominica, West Indies. Journal of National Med-ical Association, 94(3), 143-148. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2594102/

Cawich, S. O., Islam, S., Hariharan, S., Harnarayan, P., Budhooram, S., Ramsewak, S., & Naraynsingh, V. (2014). The economic impact of hospitalization for diabetic foot infections in a Caribbean nation. The Perma-nente journal, 18(1), e101-e104. doi: 10.7812/TPP/13-096 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Social determinants of health: Know what affects health. Retrieved July 18, 2018, from https://www.cdc.gov/socialdeterminants/index.htm

Central Intelligence Agency. The world factbook. Retrieved August 29, 2018, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/profileguide.html

Ferguson, T.S., Tulloch-Reid, M.K., Cunningham-Myrie, C.A., Davidson-Sadler, T., Copeland, S., Lewis-Fuller, E. & Wilks, R. J. (2011). Chronic disease in the Caribbean: Strategies to respond to the public health challenge in the region. What can we learn from Jamaica's experience? West Indian Medical Journal, 60(4), 397-411.

Figueroa, J.P. (2001). Health trends in Jamaica. Significant progress and a vision for the 21st century. West Indian Medical Journal, 50(4), 15-22. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11536245_Health_trends_in_Jamaica_Significant_progress_and_a_vision_for_the_21st_century

Giuffrida, A. (2010). Racial and ethnic disparities in Latin American and the Caribbean: A literature review. Diversity in Health and Care, 7, 115-128. Retrieved from http://diversityhealthcare.imedpub.com/racial-and-ethnic-disparities-in-latin-america-and-the-caribbean-a-literature-review.pdf

Guariguata, L., Whiting, D.R., Hambleton, I., Beagley, J., Linnenkamp, U., & Shaw, J.E. (2014). Global esti-mates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 103(2), 137-149.

Gulliford, M.C. (1994). News from overseas: Health and health care in the English-speaking Car

ibbean: A British public health physician’s view of the Caribbean. Journal of Public Health Medicine, 16(3), 263-269. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a042981

Hennis, A.J.M., Fraser, H.S., Jonnalagadda, R., Fuller, J., & Chaturvedi, N. (2004). Explanations for the high risk of diabetes-related amputations in a Caribbean population of black African decent and potential for pre-vention. Diabetes Care, 27(11), 2636-2641. Retrieved from https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/27/11/2636.long

Hospendales, C.J., Barcelo, A., Luciani, S., Legetic, B., Ordunez, P., & Blanco, A. (2012). NCD prevention and control in Latin America and the Caribbean: A regional approach to policy and program development. Global Heart, 7(1), 73-81. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211816012000154?via%3Dihub

King, H., Aubert R. E., & Herman, W.H. (1998). Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: Prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care, 21(9), 1414-1431. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.21.9.1414

Ley, F.H., Hamdy, O., Mohan, V., & Hu, F.B. (2014). Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies. Lancet, 383(9933), 1999-2007. Retrieved from https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)60613-9/fulltext

Lopez, A., Mathers, C., Ezzati, M., Jamison, D., & Murray, C. (2006). Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: Systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet, 367(9524), 1747-1757. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9

Mason, J. (2002). Qualitative Researching (Second ed.). London: Sage Publications Ltd.

Magnusson, R.S. (2010). Global health governance and the challenges of chronic, non-communicable diseas-es. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 38(3), 490-507. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720X.2010.00508.x

Ministry of Health (Jamaica). Jamaica health & lifestyle survey III (2016-2017): Preliminary key findings Jamaica 2018 [PDF file]. Retrieved from https://www.moh.gov.jm/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Jamaica-Health-and-Lifestyle-Survey-III-2016-2017.pdf

Ministry of Health (Barbados). Chief medical officer’s report 2010–2012 [PDF file]. Retrieved from https://www.barbadosparliament.com/uploads/sittings/attachments/05530f55cc1d0cd01198dbc26b76209b.pdf

Miranda, J.J., Kinra, S., Casas, J.P., Smith,G.D., & Ebrahim, S. (2008). Non-communicable diseases in low- and middle- income countries: context, determinants and health policy. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 13(10), 1225-1234. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02116.x

Mitchell-Fearon, K., Waldron, N., Laws, H., James, K., Holder-Nevins, D., Willie-Tyndale, D. & Eldemire-Shearer, D. (2015). Non-communicable diseases in an older, aging population: A developing country perspec-tive (Jamaica). Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 26(2), 475-487. doi:10.1353/hpu.2015.0041

Noakes, H. (2010). Perceptions of black African and African-Caribbean people regarding insulin. Journal of Diabetes Nursing, 14(4), 148-156.

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). (2007). Health in the Americas: Volume II-Countries [PDF file]. Washington, D.C.: PAHO. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/hq/dmdocuments/2010/Health_in_the_Americas_Vol_2_Country_Profiles_2007.pdf

Pan American Health Organization. (2012). Health in the Americas, 2012 Edition: Country Volume: Saint Lu-cia [PDF file]. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/salud-en-las-americas-2012/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download&category_slug=hia-2012-country-chapters-22&alias=146-saint-lucia-146&Itemid=231&lang=en

Pan American Health Organization. (2017). Health in the Americas+ 2017 edition. Summary: regional outlook and country profiles [PDF file]. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/salud-en-las-americas-2017/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Print-Version-English.pdf

Pekua, P. (2002). Nutrition and global prevention on non-communicable diseases. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 11, S755-S758. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.11.s.5.x

Perel, P., Casas, J. P., Ortiz, Z., & Miranda, J. J. (2006). Noncommunicable diseases and injuries in Latin Amer-ican and the Caribbean: Time for action. PloS Medicine, 3(9), 1448-1451. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030344

Popkin, B. M., Adair, L. S., & Ng, S. W. (2012). Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in de-veloping countries. Nutrition reviews, 70(1), 3–21. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00456.x

Punnett, J., Dick-Forde, E., & Robinson, J. Effective management and culture: An analysis of three English-speaking Caribbean countries. Journal of Eastern Caribbean Studies, 31(2), 44-71.

Reardon, T., Timmer, C.P., Barrett, C.B. & Berdegue, J. (2003). The rise of supermarkets in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85, 1140-1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0092-5853.2003.00520.x

Samuels, T.A. & Fraser, H. (2010). Caribbean wellness day: Mobilizing a region for chronic non-communicable disease prevention and control. Pan American Journal of Public Health, 28(6), 472-479. Re-trieved from https://www.scielosp.org/pdf/rpsp/2010.v28n6/472-479/en

Solomon, N.W. (2003). Diet and long-term health: An African diaspora perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 12(3), 313-330. Retrieved from http://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/12/3/313.pdf

Taylor Jr., C.G., Krimholtz, M., Belgrave, K.C., Hambleton, I., George, N.C. & Rayman, G. (2014). The exten-sive inpatient burden of diabetes and diabetes-related foot disease in Barbados. Clinical Medicine, 14(4), 367-370. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.14-4-367

Trouillot, M. (1992). The Caribbean Region: An open frontier in anthropological theory. Annual Review of Anthropology, 21, 19-42.

Wild, S., Roglic, G., Green, A., Sicree, R., & King, H. (2004). Global prevalence of diabetes estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care, 27(5), 1047-1053.

Wilks, R., Bennett, F., Forrester, T., & McFarlane-Anderson, N. (1998). Chronic disease: the new epidemic. West Indian Medical Journal, 47(4), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047

World Health Organization. (2005). Preventing chronic disease: A vital assessment. WHO Global Report. Ge-neva, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/chp/chronic_disease_report/en/

World Health Organization. (2008a). World health statistics. Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2008/en/

World Health Organization. (2008b). 2008-2013 action plan for the global strategy for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_action_plan_en.pdf

World Health Organization. (2011, April 27). [Video].WHO: Unite in the fight against NCDs. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/user/who#p/c/3FB3D1EAAD2DBE57/3/AvwX1m4LR4w

Yisahak, S.F., Beagley, J., Hambleton, I.R., & Venkat Narayan, K.M. (2014). Diabetes in North America and the Caribbean: An update. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 103(2014), 223-230.

Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., & Huang, E.S. (2009). Changes in racial/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes by obesity level among US adults. Ethnicity & Health, 14(5), 439-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/13557850802699155

Published

11-03-2020

How to Cite

Exploring Global Health Disparities: Afro-Caribbeans’ Perceptions of the Prevalence of Type II Diabetes in Their Communities. (2020). Journal of Student Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v9i1.1026

Issue

Section

Review Articles