The Influenza Vaccine: Renewal Necessity and Pursuit of Lasting Immunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v13i3.7285Keywords:
Influenza, mRNA vaccine, Adjuvants, Flu Strains, HemagglutininAbstract
Influenza remains a significant global health concern, prompting continual efforts to enhance vaccine efficacy and broaden protection against diverse strains. Traditional influenza vaccines primarily target strain-specific surface antigens, necessitating annual updates to match strains. Recently, use of adjuvants such as MF59 and AS03 have shown promise in augmenting immune responses, potentially reducing the need for frequent vaccine reformulation. This review explores the recent approaches in influenza vaccine development, focusing on the pursuit of a universal vaccine. Additionally, this review discusses the role of adjuvants in enhancing vaccine immunogenicity.
Downloads
References or Bibliography
Adjuvants and Vaccines. (2022). CDC.
Deatrick, E. (2023). Clinical trial of mRNA universal influenza vaccine candidate begins. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
How do vaccines work? (2020a). UChicago Medicine.
How do vaccines work? (2020b). World Health Organization.
How Influenza (Flu) Vaccines Are Made. (2022). CDC.
Influenza Vaccine Options: 2023-2024 Season. (2023). National Foundation for Infectious Diseases.
Knobler, S. L., Mack, A., Mahmoud, A., & Lemon, S. M. (2013). The Threat of Pandemic Influenza: Are We Ready? Workshop Summary. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20669448/
Nobusawa, E. (1997). [Structure and function of the hemagglutinin of influenza viruses]. Nihon Rinsho.
Tedjasaputra, V. (2023). The Search for a Universal Flu Vaccine. American Lung Association.
Types of Influenza Viruses. (2023). CDC.
Wodi, P., & Morelli, V. (2021). Principles of Vaccination. CDC.
Wong, S.-S., & Webby, J. (2013). Traditional and New Influenza Vaccines. National Library of Medicine.
Zhu, W., Dong, C., Wei, L., & Wang, B. Z. (2021). Promising Adjuvants and Platforms for Influenza Vaccine Development. Pharmaceutics, 13(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13010068
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Sloka Vendra; Dr. Prahlad Parajuli, Virgil Torremoch, Jothsna Kethar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright holder(s) granted JSR a perpetual, non-exclusive license to distriute & display this article.