The Application of Small Molecule Drugs: Cancer Therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v13i3.6965Keywords:
Small Molecule Drugs, Cancer, inhibitors, molecular, targeted therapyAbstract
According to the World Health Organization, Cancer is one of the world’s deadliest diseases and is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cancer has been responsible for almost 10 million deaths worldwide in 2020, with the most common forms of cancer being breast, lung, and colon & rectum cancer. To put into scale just how deadly the disease is, the rate of cancer deaths per year is about 158 per 100,000 men and women. Current traditional cancer therapies include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Although these traditional cancer therapy methods have been somewhat effective over the past decades, they come with serious adverse health effects and have been related to very serious long-term side effects. As a result, over the recent years, targeted cancer therapy using small molecule drugs has become a focus in the medical field of cancer treatment. Small molecule drugs have a very advanced and tunable targeting ability which is effective in passing through cell membranes and reaching their designed intracellular targets. Most of these drugs can be administered orally, and due to their very small size, they are able to pass through a variety of obstacles in order to inhibit certain cancer-related biomolecules. In this review, I provide a summary of several different SMIs (small molecule inhibitors) that can be used in cancer therapy and explain recent advances as well as future outlooks in the field of SMIs for cancer treatment.
Downloads
References or Bibliography
References Cited
Burger, A., & Seth, A. (2004, October 1). The ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation pathway in cancer: therapeutic implications. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959804904005660
Cancer. (2021, March 3). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
Coussens, N., Braisted, J., Peryea, T., Sittampalam, G., Simeonov, A., & Hall, M. (2017, October 1). Small-Molecule Screens: A Gateway to Cancer Therapeutic Agents with Case Studies of Food and Drug Administration–Approved Drugs. Pharmacological Reviews. https://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/69/4/479
Differences between Biologics and Small Molecules. (2020, August 14). UCL Therapeutic Innovation Networks. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/therapeutic-innovation-networks/differences-between-biologics-and-small-molecules
Han-Chung, W., Chang, D., & Chia-Ting, H. (2006, January). Targeted Therapy for Cancer. Research Gate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26576352_Targeted_Therapy_for_Cancer
Khera, N., & Rajput, S. (2017, May). Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecule Inhibitors. PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27813176/
Lavanya, V., Adil, M., Ahmed, N., Rishi, A., & Jamal, S. (2014, November 9). Small molecule inhibitors as emerging cancer therapeutics. OAT Open Access Text. https://www.oatext.com/small-molecule-inhibitors-as-emerging-cancer-therapeutics.php#ICST_jumpmenu7
Nunes, A., & Annunziata, C. (2017, December 1). Proteasome Inhibitors: Structure and Function. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6020165/
Patel, T., Adhikari, N., Amin, A., Biswas, S., Jha, T., & Ghosh, B. (2021, March 29). Small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs): an emerging strategy for anticancer drug design and discovery. New Journal of Chemistry (RSC Publishing). https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/nj/d0nj04134c#!divAbstract
Pharmaceutical Drug Development (Small Molecules / Large Molecules). (2021, June 21). Contract Laboratory. http://blog.contractlaboratory.com/pharmaceutical-drug-development-small-molecules-large-molecules/#:%7E:text=Large%20molecules%2C%20or%20biologics%2C%20are,identical%20versions%20of%20human%20proteins.
Soti, C., & Csermely, P. (n.d.). Molecular chaperones in the etiology and therapy of cancer. NIH National Library of Medicine. Retrieved August 2, 2021, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9887365/
Wilkes, G. (2017, September 29). Targeted Therapy: Attacking Cancer with Molecular and Immunological Targeted Agents. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5863423/
Wu, P., Nielsen, T., & Clausen, M. (2015, July 1). FDA-approved small-molecule kinase inhibitors. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165614715000772#:%7E:text=Seven%20approved%20small%2Dmolecule%20inhibitors,%C2%AE%2C%20Eisai%20Inc.)
.
Zhong, L., Li, Y., Xiong, L., Wang, W., Wu, M., Yuan, T., Yang, W., Tian, C., Miao, Z., Wang, T., & Yang, S. (2021, May 31). Small molecules in targeted cancer therapy:. . . Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-021-00572-w?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e7d68080-dc92-42dd-b0e4-e143375d4c44#Sec26
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Abhinav Simhadri

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright holder(s) granted JSR a perpetual, non-exclusive license to distriute & display this article.