Are zinc fingers of α-proteobacteria an important molecular mechanism?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v13i1.6318Keywords:
zinc fingers, α-proteobacteria, Ros/MucR, Cys2His2, nitrogen fixation, endosymbiosis, hydrothermal vents, eukaryogenesis, Fe/S clusters, AlphaFold, CDD, blastpAbstract
The zinc-finger proteins in α-proteobacteria are considered to be the precursors of zinc fingers in higher Eukaryotes, due to their structural similarities and the crucial role played by α-proteobacteria during eukaryogenesis. Since they interact with macromolecules, their emergence in Bacteria, and later in the Eukarya, provided those organisms with major functional upgrades and evolutionary advantages. Hence, the aim of this research is to prove the important role of α-proteobacterial zinc fingers in this taxon, and the significance of their relics, present in higher Eukaryotes. A part of this investigation involved identifying similar zinc-finger proteins between α-proteobacteria and humans using the blastp algorithm, finding their shared domains in the CDD database, and modelling their structures in the ChimeraX programme. The remaining research objectives were reached by analysing data from pre-existing studies, in order to come up with an additional set of conclusions, relevant to this investigation. It was established that the Ros/MucR zinc-finger proteins regulate many pathways, crucial for the survival of α-proteobacteria and their interactions with Eukaryotes. Additionally, it was found that many zinc-finger proteins supply α-proteobacteria with eukaryotic mechanisms, which differentiate them from other bacterial taxa. It was also concluded that α-proteobacterial zinc fingers may be responsible for the resistance of α-proteobacteria to certain heavy metals. This investigation also proposes a new evolutionary hypothesis for the emergence of zinc fingers in Proteobacteria, and presents further arguments in favour of the theory that the Eukaryota acquired zinc fingers from α-proteobacteria during eukaryogenesis.
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