The Validity of Three Neoclassical Canons on Attractive South Korean Faces
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i1.2480Keywords:
Cultural Influences, Beauty Standards, East Asian, South Korean, Neoclassical Facial Canons, Golden RatioAbstract
Neoclassical thinkers and artists defined several facial proportions that supposedly evaluate facial attractiveness in an objective manner. While these neoclassical canons are highly influential in Western art and beauty cultures, their influences on East Asian beauty perception are unclear. This research paper explores the relevance of three neoclassical canons on South Korean beauty standards by calculating three facial proportions of 31 attractive female South Korean celebrities and comparing the average values of each proportion with the corresponding neoclassical canon. This study presents further insight to anthropologists about the cultural influences on beauty perception. Furthermore, these findings can also help plastic surgeons offer more practical advice to clients of different ethnicities with facial features that may not conform to the beauty standards defined by neoclassical canons and clients who subscribe to different beauty standards.
Downloads
References or Bibliography
Works Cited
Choe, Kyle S. et al. “The Korean American Woman’s Face.” JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery, vol. 6, no. 4, American Medical Association, 1 July 2004, 10.1001/archfaci.6.4.244.
Chung, Eujean. “HANTEO GLOBAL K-POP REPORT: Semi-Annual Summary #1. Top 50.” Hanteo News, Hanteo, 1 July 2021, hanteonews.com/en/article/all?fc=22355.
Coetzee, Vinet et al. “Cross-Cultural Agreement in Facial Attractiveness Preferences: The Role of Ethnicity and Gender.” PLOS One, vol. 9, no. 7, Public Library of Science, 2 July 2014, 10.1371/journal.pone.0099629.
Davis, Chelsea. “Stanford Scholar So-Rim Lee Details the Historical, Cultural, and Economic Influences on the Surge of the Cosmetic Surgery Industry in South Korea.” Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences, 8 Oct. 2018, humsci.stanford.edu/feature/stanford-scholar-traces-roots-south-koreas-cosmetic- surgery-surge-0.
Dobke, Marek et al. “Facial Aesthetic Preferences Among Asian Women: Are All Oriental Asians the Same?” Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, vol. 30, Springer Science+Business Media, 1 June 2006, pp. 342-347.
Gao, Y. et al. “Comparison of Aesthetic Facial Criteria Between Caucasian and East Asian Female Populations: An Esthetic Surgeon’s Perspective.” Asian Journal of Surgery, vol. 41, no. 1, Elsevier, Jan. 2018, pp. 4-11.
Jayaratne, Yasas S. N. et al. “Are Neoclassical Canons Valid for Southern Chinese Faces?” PLOS One, vol. 7, no. 12, Public Library of Science, 28 Dec. 2018, 10.1371/journal. Pone.0052593.
Jin, Sophie. “Plastic’s Past: The Complex Historical and Cultural Influences Underlying South Korea’s Plastic Surgery Phenomenon.” The Journal of Contemporary Asian Studies, Routledge, 7 Oct. 2020, utsynergyjournal.org/2020/10/07/plastics-past-the-complex- historical-and-cultural- influences-underlying-south-koreas-plastic-surgery-phenomenon/.
Jung, Jaehee and Seung-Hee Lee. “Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Appearance Self-Schema, Body Image, Self-Esteem, and Dieting Behavior Between Korean and U.S. Women.” Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, vol. 34, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 2 July 2009, pp. 350-365.
Park, Rachel H. et al. “Beliefs and Trends of Aesthetic Surgery in South Korean Young Adults.” Archives of Plastic Surgery, vol. 46, no. 6, Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, 26 Mar. 2019, 10.5999/aps.2018.01172.
Yi, Chang Ryul et al. “Comparison of Facial Proportions Between Eastern and Western Attractive Young Women.” Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, vol. 31, no. 9, Wolters Kluwer Health, May 2020, 10.1097/SCS.0000000000006196.
Works Consulted
Herman, Tamar. “10 Best K-Pop Girl Groups of the Past Decade: Critic’s Picks.” Billboard, 12 July 2017, billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/7865168/best-k-pop-girl- groups-decade/.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 Nicole Li; Trevor Chen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright holder(s) granted JSR a perpetual, non-exclusive license to distriute & display this article.
